Quantinuum Demonstrates First Universal Topological Gate Set Using Non-Abelian Anyons

A collaboration between Quantinuum, the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Harvard, and Stony Brook University entangled 54 physical qubits on Quantinuum's H2 trapped-ion processor to create a stable topological state based on the S3 non-Abelian symmetry group. By combining anyonic braiding with a fusion measurement primitive, the team assembled a complete, fault-tolerant toolkit of computational operations using topological qutrits — including a high-fidelity magic state prepared directly on hardware — potentially avoiding magic-state distillation, which conventionally consumes up to 90% of a fault-tolerant computer's resources. The results were published in Nature.