Artemis Accords Signed by 8 Founding Nations

NASA and the U.S. State Department launched the Artemis Accords with 8 founding nations: Australia, Canada, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, UAE, UK, and the United States. The non-binding accords established principles for peaceful, transparent, and sustainable space exploration including interoperability, deconfliction of activities, and information sharing. China and Russia notably declined to sign, framing their own lunar programs outside the U.S.-led framework.