IEA: refining capacity down 20% at peak, oil revenue lowest since 2022

Reuters and the IEA reported that at the peak of the autumn 2025 strike wave, roughly 20% of Russian refining capacity was offline, though overall national oil processing fell only about 3–6% as unaffected refineries partially compensated. Russia's oil export revenue fell to its lowest level since the start of the 2022 invasion.