Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan Sign Mecca Joint Defence Agreement

At the "Makkah Al-Mukarramah Summit for Joint Defence" in Mecca, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Pakistani PM Shehbaz Sharif sign the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement, extending the 2025 Saudi-Pakistan pact to include Turkey. The core clause: "any armed attack against any one of the three states shall be regarded as an attack against them all," modeled on NATO's Article 5.