Iran's Former FM Zarif Proposes Peace Roadmap; Gulf States Cite Exclusion and Eroded Trust

Iran's former Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif proposed a diplomatic peace roadmap for ending the conflict, signaling a faction within Iran's political establishment seeking a negotiated exit. Gulf states, however, voiced their exclusion from talks and cited the erosion of trust as a key obstacle to any durable settlement. The disconnect between Tehran's diplomatic signaling and Gulf states' skepticism underscores the fragmented regional landscape that any ceasefire framework would need to navigate.