MuckRock Documents 1,843 Law Enforcement Agencies in 287(g) ICE Programs as of May 19 — Guide to Tracking Local ICE Cooperation Published Amid Record Program Expansion

On May 20, 2026, MuckRock — the investigative journalism and public records nonprofit — published a detailed guide documenting how to track ICE's local enforcement activities through public records requests, citing that as of May 19, 2026, 1,843 law enforcement agencies across 39 states and 2 territories are enrolled in 287(g) agreements with ICE. The guide outlines the three main 287(g) cooperation models: Jail Enforcement Model (JEM), Warrant Service Officer (WSO), and Task Force Model (TFM), which allow local agencies to perform various immigration enforcement functions under ICE authority. The figure of 1,843 agencies represents a dramatic expansion from 688 agreements when Trump's second term began in January 2025. ICE has offered significant financial incentives — including $100,000+ in vehicles and equipment — to entice local agencies to sign 287(g) agreements, with FWD.us estimating total incentives could reach $2 billion in 2026. New Hampshire police received over $300,000 in ICE stipend payments after one year of participation. Several states — New Mexico, Maine, Maryland, and California — have enacted or are enforcing laws restricting 287(g) participation, while Virginia's HB1441/SB783 (effective July 1, 2026) bars new agreements. Advocates contend the rapid 287(g) expansion has led to racial profiling, diversion of local police resources from community crime prevention, and erosion of community trust in law enforcement.